Consulting
PSR carries out integrated assessments of energy markets in its technical, economic and regulatory dimensions; offering market agents a high value added product that combines deep domain that PSR has on the mathematical modeling of energy markets and its extensive experience with practical and regulatory aspects of different countries.
REGULATORY CONSULTING
MARKET DESIGN
INTEGRATED ENERGY PLANNING
PRICING AND TARIFF PROJECTIONS
WATER RESOURCES
REGULATORY CONSULTING
The PSR offers advice to clients interested in participating in electric markets, presenting an overview of the energy market in question, with assessments of the regulatory environment, physical and commercial activities of generation, transmission, distribution and marketing of energy. We offer continuous monitoring and specific analysis to agents already in the market, identifying and analyzing new regulations, discussions and perspectives on the evolution of the market.
The PSR is also prepared to act in disputes involving issues in the electricity sector. Our services include reading and analysis of documents produced in the context of the dispute, preparation of technical opinions based on regulatory and quantitative analysis, advice to customers and their representatives on regulatory and technical issues, and participation in the sessions of arbitration proceedings, among others.
MARKET DESIGN
PSR participated in the design of the new regulatory model for the electricity sector in Brazil, Colombia, China, Central America Regional Market, Turkey and Venezuela. The scope of these studies included, among other aspects, the design of energy auctions, pricing, capacity-based payment methodologies, definition of transmission tariffs, international interconnection arrangements, identification of regulatory barriers for new technologies, etc.
Furthermore, PSR carries out work for private agents and multilateral institutions aimed at improving the design of electricity markets in different countries. This includes studies for companies and associations in Brazil, work for the World Bank to improve the electricity market in Vietnam, participation in the Energy Transformation Mission in Colombia as an international expert, and consulting for the Treasury Department in Mexico, among others.
Finally, PSR works on the development of technical publications on topics related to the design of energy markets. Some examples include studies done for multilateral agencies such as the World Bank and the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), which analyze the state of the art of energy auctions worldwide, including the recognized books “Electricity Auctions: an Overview of Efficient Practices” and “Renewable Energy Auctions: a Guide to Design.”
INTEGRATED ENERGY PLANNING
PSR has extensive experience in integrated planning studies for the expansion of electrical and natural gas systems – at regional, national or multi-country levels. These studies include planning the expansion of the generating complex, evaluating the interconnection between regions or countries, and expanding electricity transmission and natural gas transport networks. The main clients for this type of study are government agencies and multilateral institutions, such as the World Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank.
Some projects in this area include: studies for the interconnection of the six Central American countries that make up SIEPAC; integration of ten countries in the Balkan region; a study of expansion of generation in the electrical system of Nepal; the expansion of generation and transmission of the Brazilian Electrical System; integrated planning of the electricity (generation and transmission) and natural gas segments in Colombia; in addition to planning studies for the entire energy sector in countries such as Peru and El Salvador.
PRICING AND TARIFF PROJECTIONS
PSR provides studies for projecting electricity prices in several countries, for short-, medium- and long-term horizons. This product consists of evaluating the following: prospects for the supply and costs of electricity, in order to project the changing prices of energy that is traded on the short-term market; contracts signed on the free market; and the supply tariff on the regulated market. Projections are carried out using internal databases and a chain of models developed by PSR, which simulate in detail the existing operating procedures in the system, in addition to commercial rules and market dynamics.
PSR also offers projection studies of the Tariff for the Use of the Transmission System (TUST) for generators and consumers, carried out given the regulatory discussions and projected evolution for the electrical system. The applications of these studies include support in asset due diligence processes, assessment of impacts of regulatory changes and decision-making on connection to the system.
WATER RESOURCES
PSR’s performance has always been closely linked to the area of water resources. From the development of algorithms to model hydrological variables and optimize the use of resources, to more recent practical applications such as modeling climate change and assessing socio-environmental impacts, PSR has positioned itself as a provider of state-of-the-art solutions on the subject. Our performance covers:
- Development of hydrological and hydrodynamic models
- Generation of hydrological scenarios to consider the impacts of climate change
- Studies to minimize the socio-environmental impacts arising from the development of hydroelectric projects in watersheds, in partnership with The Nature Conservancy (TNC)
- Integrated Environmental Assessments (IAA) of watersheds
- Elaboration of master plans for water resources
- Conducting participatory hydroelectric inventories
- Environmental monitoring and control programs
INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
RISK AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
SUPPORT FOR GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION AUCTIONS
EVALUATION OF SUPPLY ALTERNATIVES
STRATEGIC PLANNING
INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
PSR provides consulting services for the valuation of assets and companies in the electricity and natural gas sectors, which include providing projections of interest variables (prices, generation, costs, etc.); review of economic and financial models; support in due diligence; risk analysis and quantification; pricing of assets and contracts, among others. Among its main clients are investment funds (pension, sovereign, asset, etc.), local and international banks, and multilateral financial institutions, in addition to other agents in the energy sector.
The company has provided consulting on several large-scale M&A projects in all segments of the sector (electricity generation, transmission and distribution), carried out in Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Chile, Peru, Panama, El Salvador, Dominican Republic and Turkey, as well as analyses of electricity interconnections and gas pipelines at a regional level.
RISK AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
PSR conducts market risk management studies and/or asset portfolios for agents operating in Brazil and abroad. With the support of stochastic simulation and optimization tools, developed in-house, the projects include the construction of optimal strategies for the purchase and sale of electric energy, estimation and pricing of risks, analysis of hedging strategies, evaluation of the optimal mix of sources in a portfolio, stress tests, and more.
Analyses are performed taking into consideration a detailed representation of the electrical system, including the uncertainty and variability of renewable generation and its impact on system operation and resulting prices. Additionally, the particularities of the different financial instruments (contracts) traded in the markets are considered.
SUPPORT FOR GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION AUCTIONS
PSR advises investors on participating in energy generation and transmission auctions. PSR’s extensive knowledge of this type of mechanism, together with a set of advanced analytical tools, allows us to provide a unique advisory service, which addresses all aspects of decision making.
The analyses developed include: (i) evaluation of regulatory aspects of the auction, including analysis of penalties and risks; (ii) economic-financial evaluation under uncertainty, considering risks related to energy production, investment, delays, among others; (iii) competitor analysis, based on public information and PSR’s own expertise; (iv) projected demand for the auction; (v) bidding strategies during auctions; and (vi) continuous advice throughout the pre-auction bidding process.
EVALUATION OF SUPPLY ALTERNATIVES
The costs associated with contracting electricity is usually one of the main expenses for industries and businesses. Therefore, understanding whether the current contracting strategy is the most appropriate in the face of regulatory changes and prospects for energy prices and charges is essential for optimizing costs and increasing competitiveness.
In this sense, PSR has assisted several clients in defining the best supply alternative, considering the particularities of each company, comparing available alternatives, such as the captive market, the free market and investment in energy self-production. The economic aspects of each alternative are considered – including the tariff structure and benefits – and the risk of regulatory changes impacting the economic competitiveness of each business model.
STRATEGIC PLANNING
The global energy sector is in constant transformation. The dynamism of energy markets, in the physical, commercial and regulatory spheres, imposes on agents the constant need to plan and adapt to new realities.
In this context, PSR offers studies aimed at the strategic planning of companies in the electricity and natural gas segments in several countries. The main objective is to analyze the current configuration and future perspectives of energy markets, helping companies to position themselves in order to better exploit opportunities and support growth..
Among the various activities developed are: analysis of global and local trends relevant to the energy sector; evaluation of the company in question and identification of its competitive advantages; identification of opportunities and threats to the company’s growth; evaluation of possible synergies between the different activities of the client’s performance; and analysis of other potential implications for the company’s business model.
CONNECTION STUDIES
EVALUATION OF GENERATION CUTS
ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
ENERGY EFFICIENCY STUDIES
CONNECTION STUDIES
PSR performs pre-feasibility studies for connection to the transmission grid for generators and consumers to support their decision-making process for connecting to the system. The studies include a broad evaluation of the connection margin, projection of the Tariff for the Use of the Transmission System (TUST) and evaluation of investment costs in exclusive use systems through the optimal layout of transmission lines in view of environmental restrictions. Additionally, through this product, PSR provides analyses of regulations associated with the connection of new agents to the network and economic evaluations related to the process.
EVALUATION OF GENERATION CUTS
The high penetration of non-conventional renewable resources in electrical systems has added important operational complexities that directly impact the operations of generating centers. Power/energy injection restrictions in the transmission network can result in generation outages, also known as renewable spillage or curtailment.
Renewable spill projection requires a detailed operating simulation of the electrical system, since generation cuts depend on the combination of multiple factors, such as the availability of the primary resource, demand, generation from other plants and system flexibility. PSR has carried out several projects of this type with the aim of projecting the operational and commercial implications of curtailment to generation projects, helping developers to make investment decisions.
ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
PSR provides support for obtaining environmental licenses, supporting the execution of Environmental Impact Studies (EIS) and environmental diligence studies, including assessment of risks to the corporate image of the developer company, analysis of the budget and deadlines for environmental programs foreseen in the projects, as well as socio-environmental assessments according to criteria of the Equator Principles adopted by several international financial institutions.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY STUDIES
Energy efficiency is a topic that is becoming increasingly relevant as consumers seek to reduce their use of electricity. This shift simultaneously provides financial savings and reduces negative environmental impacts.
In this context, PSR has supported its clients in several lines of action, ranging from the articulation and management of energy efficiency networks between companies, to the assessment of the impacts of measures of this type on greenhouse gas emissions. PSR also provides studies related to the design of business models for the provision of energy conservation services and to the formulation of financing strategies for the implementation of energy efficiency measures, in addition to quantitative studies for projecting energy prices to assess the viability of these projects.
BUILDING DECARBONIZATION
STRATEGIES
INSERTION OF LOW
CARBON TECHNOLOGIES
Clean energy certification
BUILDING DECARBONIZATION
STRATEGIES
In recent years, more and more countries and companies have set targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, in many cases in an attempt to reach net zero emissions (net-zero) by 2050. To achieve this goal, strategies will have to be devised to optimize the allocation of investments, causing structural changes in activities of greater carbon intensity. In this context, PSR advises on the elaboration of well-informed and ambitious – but realistic – energy transition strategies.
Among the fields of activity of this area are: (i) structuring of plans to reduce emissions in all sectors of energy demand, such as transportation and industry; (ii) projection of electrical demand via electrification of industry and transportation; (iii) projected demand for green hydrogen; and (iv) conducting energy planning studies for different decarbonization scenarios.
Some recent studies involve: (i) a report on the decarbonization of the Brazilian energy sector (transportation, industry, electricity and buildings) for the E+ Transição Energética Institute (Energy Transition Institute); (ii) a study for the World Bank involving the creation of expansion scenarios for the Brazilian electrical system, considering the impact of climate change on flows and additional demand with electrification of the economy and the production of green hydrogen; and (iii) a project for the CEBDS with the objective of elaborating a realistic vision of the opportunities for the Brazilian business community arising from the transition to zero net emissions by 2050.
INSERTION OF LOW
CARBON TECHNOLOGIES
To carry out the energy transition, large investments in all links of the energy sector value chain will be required for the deployment of new or existing technologies capable of increasing the share of low-carbon energy resources. PSR’s performance in this area has been very broad, including market designs that allow the valuation of attributes of new technologies, economic analyses from the investor’s point of view and technical analyses of the benefits of new technologies in energy systems.
In this context, PSR has experience in projects, including Research and Development (R&D), related to topics such as:
- Intermittent renewable sources such as solar and wind (onshore and offshore);
- Distributed energy resources, including distributed generation; distributed storage; demand response; microgrids and virtual power plants; and electric vehicles and charging structures;
- Hydrogen and its derivatives;
- Energy storage systems, including batteries and pumped storage hydropower plants;
- Traditional and advanced biofuels;
- Offshore gs-to-wire with carbon capture and storage (CCS).
Clean energy certification
The growing search for sustainable products, motivated by the global decarbonization process, should encourage the market towards obtaining clean energy certificates. These allow proof of the low carbon intensity of the products used and the correct pricing based on market segmentation according to environmental attributes.
In this area, PSR has been working on:
- Analysis of the international market for clean energy certificates, focusing on electric power. hydrogen, ammonia and sustainable aviation fuels (SAF);
- Evaluation of the impact of certification systems on the clean energy market in Brazil;
- Studies on the adequacy of Brazilian projects on hydrogen and SAF certification systems;
- Structuring of business models for providing services in the Renewable Energy Certificate market;
REGULATORY CONSULTING
REGULATORY CONSULTING
The PSR offers advice to clients interested in participating in electric markets, presenting an overview of the energy market in question, with assessments of the regulatory environment, physical and commercial activities of generation, transmission, distribution and marketing of energy. We offer continuous monitoring and specific analysis to agents already in the market, identifying and analyzing new regulations, discussions and perspectives on the evolution of the market.
The PSR is also prepared to act in disputes involving issues in the electricity sector. Our services include reading and analysis of documents produced in the context of the dispute, preparation of technical opinions based on regulatory and quantitative analysis, advice to customers and their representatives on regulatory and technical issues, and participation in the sessions of arbitration proceedings, among others.
Saiba maisMARKET DESIGN
MARKET DESIGN
PSR participated in the design of the new regulatory model for the electricity sector in Brazil, Colombia, China, Central America Regional Market, Turkey and Venezuela. The scope of these studies included, among other aspects, the design of energy auctions, pricing, capacity-based payment methodologies, definition of transmission tariffs, international interconnection arrangements, identification of regulatory barriers for new technologies, etc.
Furthermore, PSR carries out work for private agents and multilateral institutions aimed at improving the design of electricity markets in different countries. This includes studies for companies and associations in Brazil, work for the World Bank to improve the electricity market in Vietnam, participation in the Energy Transformation Mission in Colombia as an international expert, and consulting for the Treasury Department in Mexico, among others.
Finally, PSR works on the development of technical publications on topics related to the design of energy markets. Some examples include studies done for multilateral agencies such as the World Bank and the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), which analyze the state of the art of energy auctions worldwide, including the recognized books “Electricity Auctions: an Overview of Efficient Practices” and “Renewable Energy Auctions: a Guide to Design.”
INTEGRATED ENERGY PLANNING
INTEGRATED ENERGY PLANNING
PSR has extensive experience in integrated planning studies for the expansion of electrical and natural gas systems – at regional, national or multi-country levels. These studies include planning the expansion of the generating complex, evaluating the interconnection between regions or countries, and expanding electricity transmission and natural gas transport networks. The main clients for this type of study are government agencies and multilateral institutions, such as the World Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank.
Some projects in this area include: studies for the interconnection of the six Central American countries that make up SIEPAC; integration of ten countries in the Balkan region; a study of expansion of generation in the electrical system of Nepal; the expansion of generation and transmission of the Brazilian Electrical System; integrated planning of the electricity (generation and transmission) and natural gas segments in Colombia; in addition to planning studies for the entire energy sector in countries such as Peru and El Salvador.
Saiba maisPRICING AND TARIFF PROJECTIONS
PRICING AND TARIFF PROJECTIONS
PSR provides studies for projecting electricity prices in several countries, for short-, medium- and long-term horizons. This product consists of evaluating the following: prospects for the supply and costs of electricity, in order to project the changing prices of energy that is traded on the short-term market; contracts signed on the free market; and the supply tariff on the regulated market. Projections are carried out using internal databases and a chain of models developed by PSR, which simulate in detail the existing operating procedures in the system, in addition to commercial rules and market dynamics.
PSR also offers projection studies of the Tariff for the Use of the Transmission System (TUST) for generators and consumers, carried out given the regulatory discussions and projected evolution for the electrical system. The applications of these studies include support in asset due diligence processes, assessment of impacts of regulatory changes and decision-making on connection to the system.
Saiba maisWATER RESOURCES
WATER RESOURCES
PSR’s performance has always been closely linked to the area of water resources. From the development of algorithms to model hydrological variables and optimize the use of resources, to more recent practical applications such as modeling climate change and assessing socio-environmental impacts, PSR has positioned itself as a provider of state-of-the-art solutions on the subject. Our performance covers:
- Development of hydrological and hydrodynamic models
- Generation of hydrological scenarios to consider the impacts of climate change
- Studies to minimize the socio-environmental impacts arising from the development of hydroelectric projects in watersheds, in partnership with The Nature Conservancy (TNC)
- Integrated Environmental Assessments (IAA) of watersheds
- Elaboration of master plans for water resources
- Conducting participatory hydroelectric inventories
- Environmental monitoring and control programs
INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
PSR provides consulting services for the valuation of assets and companies in the electricity and natural gas sectors, which include providing projections of interest variables (prices, generation, costs, etc.); review of economic and financial models; support in due diligence; risk analysis and quantification; pricing of assets and contracts, among others. Among its main clients are investment funds (pension, sovereign, asset, etc.), local and international banks, and multilateral financial institutions, in addition to other agents in the energy sector.
The company has provided consulting on several large-scale M&A projects in all segments of the sector (electricity generation, transmission and distribution), carried out in Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Chile, Peru, Panama, El Salvador, Dominican Republic and Turkey, as well as analyses of electricity interconnections and gas pipelines at a regional level.
RISK AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
RISK AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
PSR conducts market risk management studies and/or asset portfolios for agents operating in Brazil and abroad. With the support of stochastic simulation and optimization tools, developed in-house, the projects include the construction of optimal strategies for the purchase and sale of electric energy, estimation and pricing of risks, analysis of hedging strategies, evaluation of the optimal mix of sources in a portfolio, stress tests, and more.
Analyses are performed taking into consideration a detailed representation of the electrical system, including the uncertainty and variability of renewable generation and its impact on system operation and resulting prices. Additionally, the particularities of the different financial instruments (contracts) traded in the markets are considered.
SUPPORT FOR GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION AUCTIONS
SUPPORT FOR GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION AUCTIONS
PSR advises investors on participating in energy generation and transmission auctions. PSR’s extensive knowledge of this type of mechanism, together with a set of advanced analytical tools, allows us to provide a unique advisory service, which addresses all aspects of decision making.
The analyses developed include: (i) evaluation of regulatory aspects of the auction, including analysis of penalties and risks; (ii) economic-financial evaluation under uncertainty, considering risks related to energy production, investment, delays, among others; (iii) competitor analysis, based on public information and PSR’s own expertise; (iv) projected demand for the auction; (v) bidding strategies during auctions; and (vi) continuous advice throughout the pre-auction bidding process.
EVALUATION OF SUPPLY ALTERNATIVES
EVALUATION OF SUPPLY ALTERNATIVES
The costs associated with contracting electricity is usually one of the main expenses for industries and businesses. Therefore, understanding whether the current contracting strategy is the most appropriate in the face of regulatory changes and prospects for energy prices and charges is essential for optimizing costs and increasing competitiveness.
In this sense, PSR has assisted several clients in defining the best supply alternative, considering the particularities of each company, comparing available alternatives, such as the captive market, the free market and investment in energy self-production. The economic aspects of each alternative are considered – including the tariff structure and benefits – and the risk of regulatory changes impacting the economic competitiveness of each business model.
STRATEGIC PLANNING
STRATEGIC PLANNING
The global energy sector is in constant transformation. The dynamism of energy markets, in the physical, commercial and regulatory spheres, imposes on agents the constant need to plan and adapt to new realities.
In this context, PSR offers studies aimed at the strategic planning of companies in the electricity and natural gas segments in several countries. The main objective is to analyze the current configuration and future perspectives of energy markets, helping companies to position themselves in order to better exploit opportunities and support growth..
Among the various activities developed are: analysis of global and local trends relevant to the energy sector; evaluation of the company in question and identification of its competitive advantages; identification of opportunities and threats to the company’s growth; evaluation of possible synergies between the different activities of the client’s performance; and analysis of other potential implications for the company’s business model.
Saiba maisCONNECTION STUDIES
CONNECTION STUDIES
PSR performs pre-feasibility studies for connection to the transmission grid for generators and consumers to support their decision-making process for connecting to the system. The studies include a broad evaluation of the connection margin, projection of the Tariff for the Use of the Transmission System (TUST) and evaluation of investment costs in exclusive use systems through the optimal layout of transmission lines in view of environmental restrictions. Additionally, through this product, PSR provides analyses of regulations associated with the connection of new agents to the network and economic evaluations related to the process.
Saiba maisEVALUATION OF GENERATION CUTS
EVALUATION OF GENERATION CUTS
The high penetration of non-conventional renewable resources in electrical systems has added important operational complexities that directly impact the operations of generating centers. Power/energy injection restrictions in the transmission network can result in generation outages, also known as renewable spillage or curtailment.
Renewable spill projection requires a detailed operating simulation of the electrical system, since generation cuts depend on the combination of multiple factors, such as the availability of the primary resource, demand, generation from other plants and system flexibility. PSR has carried out several projects of this type with the aim of projecting the operational and commercial implications of curtailment to generation projects, helping developers to make investment decisions.
Saiba maisASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
PSR provides support for obtaining environmental licenses, supporting the execution of Environmental Impact Studies (EIS) and environmental diligence studies, including assessment of risks to the corporate image of the developer company, analysis of the budget and deadlines for environmental programs foreseen in the projects, as well as socio-environmental assessments according to criteria of the Equator Principles adopted by several international financial institutions.
Saiba maisENERGY EFFICIENCY STUDIES
ENERGY EFFICIENCY STUDIES
Energy efficiency is a topic that is becoming increasingly relevant as consumers seek to reduce their use of electricity. This shift simultaneously provides financial savings and reduces negative environmental impacts.
In this context, PSR has supported its clients in several lines of action, ranging from the articulation and management of energy efficiency networks between companies, to the assessment of the impacts of measures of this type on greenhouse gas emissions. PSR also provides studies related to the design of business models for the provision of energy conservation services and to the formulation of financing strategies for the implementation of energy efficiency measures, in addition to quantitative studies for projecting energy prices to assess the viability of these projects.
Saiba maisBUILDING DECARBONIZATION
STRATEGIES
BUILDING DECARBONIZATION
STRATEGIES
In recent years, more and more countries and companies have set targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, in many cases in an attempt to reach net zero emissions (net-zero) by 2050. To achieve this goal, strategies will have to be devised to optimize the allocation of investments, causing structural changes in activities of greater carbon intensity. In this context, PSR advises on the elaboration of well-informed and ambitious – but realistic – energy transition strategies.
Among the fields of activity of this area are: (i) structuring of plans to reduce emissions in all sectors of energy demand, such as transportation and industry; (ii) projection of electrical demand via electrification of industry and transportation; (iii) projected demand for green hydrogen; and (iv) conducting energy planning studies for different decarbonization scenarios.
Some recent studies involve: (i) a report on the decarbonization of the Brazilian energy sector (transportation, industry, electricity and buildings) for the E+ Transição Energética Institute (Energy Transition Institute); (ii) a study for the World Bank involving the creation of expansion scenarios for the Brazilian electrical system, considering the impact of climate change on flows and additional demand with electrification of the economy and the production of green hydrogen; and (iii) a project for the CEBDS with the objective of elaborating a realistic vision of the opportunities for the Brazilian business community arising from the transition to zero net emissions by 2050.
Saiba maisINSERTION OF LOW
CARBON TECHNOLOGIES
INSERTION OF LOW
CARBON TECHNOLOGIES
To carry out the energy transition, large investments in all links of the energy sector value chain will be required for the deployment of new or existing technologies capable of increasing the share of low-carbon energy resources. PSR’s performance in this area has been very broad, including market designs that allow the valuation of attributes of new technologies, economic analyses from the investor’s point of view and technical analyses of the benefits of new technologies in energy systems.
In this context, PSR has experience in projects, including Research and Development (R&D), related to topics such as:
- Intermittent renewable sources such as solar and wind (onshore and offshore);
- Distributed energy resources, including distributed generation; distributed storage; demand response; microgrids and virtual power plants; and electric vehicles and charging structures;
- Hydrogen and its derivatives;
- Energy storage systems, including batteries and pumped storage hydropower plants;
- Traditional and advanced biofuels;
- Offshore gs-to-wire with carbon capture and storage (CCS).
Clean energy certification
Clean energy certification
The growing search for sustainable products, motivated by the global decarbonization process, should encourage the market towards obtaining clean energy certificates. These allow proof of the low carbon intensity of the products used and the correct pricing based on market segmentation according to environmental attributes.
In this area, PSR has been working on:
- Analysis of the international market for clean energy certificates, focusing on electric power. hydrogen, ammonia and sustainable aviation fuels (SAF);
- Evaluation of the impact of certification systems on the clean energy market in Brazil;
- Studies on the adequacy of Brazilian projects on hydrogen and SAF certification systems;
- Structuring of business models for providing services in the Renewable Energy Certificate market;